Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a naturally occurring hormone in the body that plays a big role in regulating blood sugar levels, digestion, and appetite. It slows the digestion process which can prolong feelings of fullness. GLP-1 also helps regulate blood sugar levels by increasing insulin and reducing glucagon secretion, ultimately decreasing the release of glucose into the bloodstream. This is beneficial for people with type 2 diabetes, as it helps decrease elevated blood sugar levels. GLP-1 receptor agonists is a medication originally created for type 2 diabetes, but is now approved to help with obesity.

The rise of GLP-1 medications raises concerns and questions about the potential link between the relationship with eating disorders and disordered behaviors surrounding food and body image. An increasing number of GLP-1 agonist users are neither obese nor have type 2 diabetes and instead are using these medications to achieve a thinner appearance. According to Baltimore Therapy Group, animal studies have also shown that activating GLP-1 receptors decreases the brain’s reward response to calorie dense food. Since GLP-1 medications alter neurological processes involved in regulating hunger and fullness, their effects on appetite and interest in food can be extremely damaging for individuals developing disordered eating patterns or those working toward a healthier relationship with food. Recognizing and responding to hunger cues is an essential part of maintaining a well-balanced diet. This creates an additional issue for individuals living in larger bodies, both those using these medications without a prescription and those prescribed for obesity, whose disordered eating habits may go overlooked due to lack of understanding surrounding eating disorders. Additionally, lower-cost alternatives and easy access to GLP-1 medications have made it more accessible to people. We are currently experiencing a peak period in which thinness is glamorized and associated with positive qualities such as discipline and self-control. In an effort to meet society’s standards of what is considered desirable or healthy, individuals may begin to neglect their body’s basic needs for survival. Weight loss resulting from these medications will not resolve the underlying psychological factors that influence an individual’s relationship with food and themselves.

GLP-1 medications can be beneficial for those who need them, but it is important to have a clear understanding of your reasons for considering these medications. Before beginning medication, it is important to share a complete medical history with a healthcare professional and undergo a thorough screening for any history of eating disorders. It is equally important to recognize the role food plays in supporting basic functions and daily activities. Developing a healthy relationship with yourself and food goes beyond physical appearance. It involves challenging societal norms of what is deemed as healthy and learning to love yourself beyond your looks. The misuse of these medications can have serious mental and physical consequences. Everyone deserves access to medication and proper care that will benefit them, but it is important to make decisions that are appropriate for all aspects of your health.

Article written by: Adriana Kirakosyan “My name is Adriana Kirakosyan and I have a deep love for learning and engaging with different mental health topics. I received my Bachelor’s of Arts in Psychology from University of California, San Diego in June 2026, and I will continue my education by pursuing a master’s degree in the near future.”